The Ukrainian is the first undisputed champion since Lennox Lewis.
Usyk put up an impressive performance and almost stopped Fury in the ninth round.
But the British boxer was saved by the bell and soldiered on until the end.
But the scorecards read 115-112, 113-114, 114-113 in favour of Usyk after the 12th round.
Usyk has now added the WBC title to his WBA, IBF and WBO belts.